Vitamin A Supplementation Enhances Infants' Immune Responses to Hepatitis B Vaccine but Does Not Affect Responses to Haemophilus influenzae Type b Vaccine

Immune responses to hepatitis B vaccine.

chronic carriers worldwide.1 The highest carrier rate is in Asia and Africa. 2 Chronic infection develops among 90% of newborns, 29-40% of children and 5-10% of adults.3 Patients with long-standing active liver disease are at high risk of developing liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma.4 Hepatitis B virus is responsible for 80% of liver cancer cases in the world.5 Therefore, prevention ...

Haemophilus influenzae type b conjugate vaccine.

Ethnic differences in immune responses to hepatitis B vaccine.

A national vaccination program against hepatitis B virus (HBV) to immunize every newborn was initiated in Taiwan in 1986. A serologic survey of 1,812 fully vaccinated children residing in four aboriginal villages and four adjacent nonaboriginal Han Chinese rural villages was conducted in 1993. Children in three of the four aboriginal villages had significantly lower titers of antibody against h...

Antibody responses to Haemophilus influenzae type b conjugate vaccine in sickle cell disease.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the immunogenicity of Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) conjugate vaccines in children with sickle cell disease. DESIGN Open study. SETTING Haemoglobinopathy clinic. SUBJECTS Children with homozygous haemoglobin SS disease (HbSS), sickle haemoglobin C disease (HbSC), and sickle-beta thalassaemia disease (HbS-beta Thal). INTERVENTIONS Children over the age of 2...

Vitamin a supplementation does not affect infants' immune responses to polio and tetanus vaccines.

It has been suggested that administering vitamin A with the measles vaccine may reduce the vaccine's immunogenicity. This trial examined the effect of supplementing vitamin A during the early months of life on infants' immune responses to tetanus and polio vaccines. Young infants (n = 1085) were enrolled and individually randomized into 1 of 4 groups in a factorial, double-blind, placebo-contro...